Njengempahla eyinhloko yokulinganisa nokuphathwa komthombo wamanzi, ukukhethwa kwezinto ezibonakalayo zamamitha amanzi kuthinta ngokuqondile ukunemba kokulinganisa, impilo yesevisi, kanye nokuvumelana nezimo zemvelo. Ngokuthuthukiswa okukhaliphile kwezinhlelo zokuphakelwa kwamanzi kanye namazinga akhuphukayo ekhwalithi yamanzi, ukukhethwa kwesayensi kwezinto zamamitha amanzi sekuyinto okugxilwe kuyo kakhulu embonini.
Amamitha amanzi emishini evamile ngokuvamile asebenzisa ithusi elikhonjiwe njengempahla yawo eyinhloko, ngenxa yokumelana nokugqwala kwawo okuhle kakhulu kanye nokucutshungulwa, okuqinisekisa{0}}ukuzinza kwesikhathi eside. Kodwa-ke, ukuba khona komthofu ongaba khona ku-brass kubangele ukungqubuzana kwemvelo, okuholela emikhawulweni ekusetshenzisweni kwawo emazweni athile nasezifundeni, okudala ukuthi abakhiqizi baphendukele ekuholeni{2}}ama-alloys ethusi amahhala noma ezinye izinto. Eminyakeni yakamuva, amapulasitiki obunjiniyela afana ne-ductile iron kanye nenayiloni eqinisiwe asedume kakhulu kumamitha omthengi ngenxa yokungasindi, ukugqwala{4}} kwawo ukumelana, kanye{5}}nezindleko eziphansi. Lezi zinto zithuthukise kakhulu ukubekezelelana emanzini ane-acidic kanye ne-alkaline, okwenza zifaneleke ikakhulukazi ezindaweni zamanzi axubile ezindaweni zasemaphandleni noma ezindaweni zezimboni.
Ukukhuphuka kwamamitha amanzi ahlakaniphile kubeke izidingo eziphakeme ezintweni. Ukuvala izingxenye ze-elekthronikhi kudinga{1}}amapulasitiki obunjiniyela aqinile namarabha ayinhlanganisela ukuze kuqinisekiswe{2}}ukumelana namanzi isikhathi eside nothuli. Isibonelo, i-polycarbonate eguquliwe noma inayiloni eqinisiwe ye-glass fibre ivame ukusetshenziselwa amacala amamitha, amandla okulinganisa kanye nokufakwa. Ukugeleza kwangaphakathi{5}}ngezinto ezihlangana namanzi kuvame ukuba zenziwe ngensimbi engagqwali noma nge-ceramic ukuvimbela ukungcoliswa kwe-ion yensimbi. Amamitha ohlobo olumanzi-ohlobo olumanzi ngokuvamile asebenzisa i-copper alloy overmolding ezitimeleni zawo zegiya, okuqinisekisa ukunemba kokudluliselwa ngenkathi ehlisa ukuguga.
Ukukhetha okubalulekile nakho kudinga ukuthi kuhambisane nesimo esithile sokufaka. Kumamitha amanzi angcwatshiwe, inhlabathi pH kufanele icatshangelwe, futhi i-epoxy resin coatings kuvame ukungezwa ukuze kuvikelwe ngaphandle. Ezindaweni eziphakeme-zezinga lokushisa eliphezulu, ukuqina kwezinga lokushisa kuyadingeka ukuze kuvinjwe ukunwetshwa nokuwohloka okungaholela ekuhlulekeni kokuvala. Kokubili izinga lamazwe ngamazwe le-ISO 4064 kanye ne-GB/T 778 likazwelonke likuchaza ngokucacile ukuqina kwempahla yemitha yamanzi, okudinga ukuthi zihlale zikhululekile ngokwesakhiwo okungenani iminyaka emihlanu ngaphansi kwengcindezi ethile kanye nezimo zekhwalithi yamanzi.
Ngokuzayo, ngokuthuthukiswa kobuchwepheshe obusha, izinto eziyinhlanganisela engasindi, ezilwa namagciwane, kanye{0}}nezokulwa nokungcola zingase zithuthukise ukusebenza kwemitha yamanzi. Imboni idinga ukwenza ibhalansi phakathi kokulawulwa kwezindleko kanye{2}}nokuthembeka kwesikhathi eside. Ukuhlola okujwayelekile kufanele kusetshenziselwe ukukhomba{4}}izinto zekhwalithi ephezulu ezifanele izindawo eziyinkimbinkimbi, ukubeka isisekelo esiqinile sokuthuthukiswa kokuphathwa kwamanzi ngobuhlakani. Ukusetshenziswa kwesayensi yezinto ezibonakalayo akuhlobene kuphela nomkhiqizo ngokwawo, kodwa futhi isiqinisekiso esibalulekile sokuphathwa kahle kwemithombo yamanzi.