Imitha yamandla yezigaba ezintathu-iyidivayisi eyinhloko kumasistimu wamandla asetshenziselwa ukukala ukusetshenziswa kwamandla kumasekethe e-AC-ezigaba ezintathu. Isetshenziswa kakhulu ezimbonini, ezentengiselwano, nasezinhlelweni zokuhlala ezinkulu ezidinga amandla aphezulu.Isimiso sayo sokusebenza sisekelwe ekungeneni kuka-electromagnetic noma ubuchwepheshe be-elekthronikhi, ukulinganisa ngokunembile umkhiqizo-wamandla kagesi wezigaba ezintathu kanye nawamanje futhi ukuwahlanganisa ngokuhamba kwesikhathi ukuze kubalwe amandla asetshenzisiwe. Lesi sihloko sizochaza ngesimiso sokusebenza esiyisisekelo, izingxenye eziyinhloko, nendlela yokusebenza yemitha-yezigaba ezintathu zamandla.
Umgomo Oyisisekelo Wemitha-yeSigaba Sesithathu Samandla
Umsebenzi oyinhloko-wemitha yamandla yezigaba ezintathu ukukala ukusetshenziswa kwamandla ngezigaba ezintathu-zamandla e-AC. Umgomo oyisisekelo uwukuthola{3}}izigaba ezintathu zikagesi kanye namasignali amanje, ukubala umkhiqizo wawo osheshayo, bese uwahlanganisa ngokuhamba kwesikhathi ukuze uthole ingqikithi yamandla. Amasistimu wamandla ezigaba ezintathu{5}}ngokuvamile asebenzisa izilungiselelo zokuxhumanisa inkanyezi (Y) noma i-delta (Δ), futhi amamitha wamandla kufanele avumelane nokulungiselelwa kwezintambo okuhlukile ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukulinganisa okunembile. Ifomula yokubala amandla kagesi ithi:
Amandla kagesi (E)=i-voltage (U) × yamanje (I) × isici samandla (cosφ) × isikhathi (t)
Imitha-yamandla kagesi yezigaba ezintathu ngesikhathi esisodwa ikala amandla kagesi kanye namandla ezigaba ezintathu, ibala amandla esigaba ngasinye, futhi ekugcineni iqongelela ingqikithi yamandla kagesi.
Izingxenye Eziyinhloko Zemitha-yeSigaba Ezintathu Zamandla Kagesi
Imitha{0}kagesi yezigaba ezintathu ngokuyinhloko iqukethe izingxenye ezibalulekile ezilandelayo:
1.Iyunithi yesampula ye-Voltage
Iyunithi yesampula ye-voltage ithola-amasignali kagesi ezigaba ezintathu kusetshenziswa ama-voltage divider resistors noma ama-voltage transformer (PTs) futhi iwaguqulele abe amasignali aphansi-amandla kagesi imitha engawacubungula. Le ngxenye iqinisekisa ukukalwa kwamandla kagesi okunembile nokuphephile.
2.Iyunithi Yamanje Yesampula
Iyunithi yamanje yamasampula ngokuvamile isebenzisa i-transformer yamanje (CT) noma i-mangan shunt ukuze iguqule izinga eliphezulu libe amasignali amanje aphansi ukuze kucutshungulwe okulandelayo. Amasampula amanje kufanele anembe kakhulu ukuze kuncishiswe amaphutha okulinganisa.
3.I-Metering Chip (noma i-Mechanical Counter)
Amamitha kagesi wezigaba ezintathu-zezigaba ezintathu zesimanje ngokuvamile asebenzisa ama-metering chips azinikele (njengochungechunge lwe-ADE, ATT7022, njll.), akwazi ukubala ngokushesha umkhiqizo wamandla kagesi nowamanje futhi enze ukuhlanganiswa kwedijithali ukuze kunqunywe amandla-esikhathi sangempela namandla anqwabelene. Amamitha kagesi ezigaba ezintathu-zezigaba ezintathu ancike kumandla kazibuthe kagesi ukuzungezisa idiski ye-aluminium, ekala amandla ngokuqongelela ama-revolutions ngomshini wegiya.
4.I-Microprocessor (MCU)
Kumamitha ahlakaniphile, i-microprocessor inesibopho sokucubungula idatha, ukugcinwa, ukuxhumana, nokuboniswa. Ithola idatha ku-chip yokulinganisa, ibala amandla aphelele, futhi ilawule imojuli yokuxhumana (efana ne-RS485, ukuxhumana kwenkampani yenethiwekhi, noma ukuxhumana okungenantambo).
5.I-Display and Communication Module
Amamitha kagesi ngokuvamile afakwe isibonisi se-LCD esibonisa ulwazi lwamanje njengamandla, i-voltage, yamanje, namandla. Imojula yokuxhumana isekela ukufundwa kwamamitha okude kusetshenziswa izivumelwano ezifana ne-Modbus ne-DL/T645, okwenza kube lula ngezinkampani zamandla ukuphatha idatha yokusetshenziswa kukagesi.
{{0}Ukusebenza Kwemitha Yamandla Esigaba Ezintathu
1.Ukutholwa Kwezimpawu
Imitha yamandla iqala ngokuqoqa-amasignali ezigaba ezintathu kanye namasignali amanje kusetshenziswa ama-voltage transformer kanye nama-current transformer futhi yenza isignali conditioning (efana nokuhlunga nokukhulisa).
2.Amandla Ukubala
I-chip imitha noma i-microprocessor ibala amandla asheshayo esigaba ngasinye (P=U × I × cosφ) bese ihlanganisa-amandla ezigaba ezintathu ukuze kutholwe amandla aphelele.
3.Ukuqongelela Amandla
Ngokuhlanganisa isikhathi (okungukuthi, ukuqoqwa kwamandla ngokuhamba kwesikhathi), imitha yamandla ibala inani eliphelele lamandla asetshenziswayo phakathi nenkathi ethile yesikhathi futhi iwagcina kumemori yangaphakathi.
4.Ukuboniswa Kwedatha Nokuxhumana
Imitha yamandla ibonisa idatha-yesikhathi sangempela ku-LCD futhi ingalayisha idatha kusistimu yokuphatha isebenzisa isixhumi esibonakalayo sokuxhumana (esifana ne-RS485, infrared, noma wireless), evumela ukuqapha okukude nokufunda imitha.
{{0}Izinhlobo ezintathu ze-Phase Energy Meter
1.Mechanical Three-Isigaba Samandla Semitha
Ngokusebenzisa isimiso sokungeniswa kwe-electromagnetic, amandla kazibuthe kagesi akhiqizwa amandla kagesi kanye namakhoyili amanje ashayela ukuzungezisa kwediski ye-aluminium. Umshini wegiya ube usuqoqa inani lokuphenduka, ekugcineni ubonise ukusetshenziswa kwamandla.
2.I-Electronic Three-Phase Energy Meter
Ngokusekelwe kubuchwepheshe bokucubungula isignali yedijithali, isebenzisa-i-ADC enembayo ephezulu-kuya-ku-digital converter) ukuze isampula kagesi kanye neyamanje futhi ibale amandla nge-microprocessor, enikeza ukunemba okuphezulu nokusebenza okuhlakaniphile.
3.Smart Three-Phase Energy Meter
Ihlanganiswe nokuxhumana, isilawuli kude, nemisebenzi yokuphatha umthwalo, isekela ukulinganisa kwe-bidirectional (okufana negridi{{0}exhumene nokukhiqizwa kwamandla e-photovoltaic), okuyenza ifanelekele amagridi ahlakaniphile.
Isifinyezo
Ezintathu-amamitha wamandla ezigaba ezintathu zikala ngokunembile-amasignali esigaba sesithathu kanye namasignali amanje, abale, futhi aqongelele ukusetshenziswa kwamandla, okuwenza amathuluzi abalulekile okulinganisa amandla nokuphathwa kwamandla. Ngokuthuthuka kwezobuchwepheshe, amamitha wamandla kagesi nawesigaba sesithathu{3}}kancane kancane athatha indawo yamamitha emishini evamile, enikeza ukunemba okuphezulu, ukwethembeka, nokusebenza okuhlakaniphile. Ukuqonda izimiso zokusebenza-zamamitha wamandla ezigaba ezintathu kungasiza ekuthuthukiseni ukuphathwa kwesistimu yamandla futhi kuthuthukise ukusebenza kahle kwamandla.
