Ezinhlelweni zanamuhla zamandla, amamitha kagesi ayizinto ezisetshenziswayo zokulinganisa ukusetshenziswa kukagesi osetshenziswa umsebenzisi. Ukuqamba kwabo okusha kwezobuchwepheshe kuthinta ngokuqondile ukusebenza kahle nokunemba kokuphathwa kwamandla.Uma kuqhathaniswa namamitha emishini yendabuko, amamitha ahlakaniphile, nezici zawo zedijithali, zenethiwekhi, kanye nezici ezihlakaniphile, anikeza izinzuzo ezibalulekile ekuqoqweni kwedatha, ukuphathwa ngokusebenza kahle kwamandla, ulwazi lomsebenzisi, nokuzinza kwegridi, abe ingqalasizinda ebalulekile eqhuba ukuguqulwa kwedijithali kwamandla.
-Ukulinganisa Okunembayo Okuphezulu kanye-Ukuqoqwa Kwedatha Yesikhathi Sangempela
Amamitha endabuko ancike ezakhiweni eziwumshini noma ezingxenyeni ezilula ze-elekthronikhi, ezithambekele ekubeni namaphutha okulinganisa ngenxa yokuguga kanye nezici zemvelo ngokuhamba kwesikhathi. Amamitha ahlakaniphile, nokho, asebenzisa{1}}izinzwa ezinembayo eziphezulu kanye nobuchwepheshe bokucubungula isignali yedijithali, afinyelela izinga lephutha elingaphansi kuka-±0.5% futhi awathintwa ukuguga kwemishini. Okubaluleke nakakhulu, amamitha ahlakaniphile angaqoqa idatha yokusetshenziswa kukagesi ngezikhathi zemizuzu noma imizuzwana, ilayishe ngesikhathi sangempela ukuze inike amandla amaseva enkampani ngamamojula okuxhumana (afana ne-LoRa, NB-IoT, noma i-fiber optics). Leli khono eliphezulu-elivamile, eliphansi{7}}lokuthola idatha yokubambezeleka linikeza usekelo olubalulekile lwentengo kagesi oguquguqukayo, ukubikezela komthwalo, kanye nokuxilongwa kwephutha.
Amakhono{{0}Amabili Okuxhumana Nendlela kanye Nokulawula Ukude
Enye yezinzuzo ezibalulekile zama-smart metres amandla abo okuxhumana-ezimbili. Ngemojula yokuxhumana edidiyelwe, imitha ayidluliseli kuphela ulwazi lokusetshenziswa kukagesi womsebenzisi kugridi yamandla kodwa futhi ithola imiyalo yokulawula evela enkampanini yamandla (njengamandla okuvala nokuvala okukude nesikhathi{2}}so{3}}sokulungiswa kwentengo). Lesi sici sithuthukisa kakhulu ukusebenza kahle kokuphatha. Isibonelo, uma umsebenzisi esilele emuva, isistimu ingacupha ngokuzenzakalelayo ukunqanyulwa kukagesi kude. Ngamahora aphakeme, amanani kagesi aguqukayo angasetshenziswa ukuqondisa abasebenzisi ukuthi basebenzise ugesi-ngezikhathi eziphakeme kakhulu. Ngaphezu kwalokho, abasebenzi abasebenzayo nabalungisayo bangakwazi ukulinganisa imingcele yamamitha noma baxazulule izinkinga ngaphandle kokuvakashela ikhaya lomsebenzisi, behlise izindleko zabasebenzi kanye nezingozi zokuphepha.
Umsebenzisi-Ukuthuthukiswa Kokusebenza Kwamandla Eceleni kanye Namasevisi Asobala
Kubasebenzisi bokugcina, amamitha ahlakaniphile aphula i-asymmetry yolwazi yemodeli yendabuko "sebenzisa ugesi kuqala, ukhokhe kamuva". Ngohlelo lokusebenza lweselula olusekelayo noma inkundla ye-inthanethi, abasebenzisi bangabuka isikhathi-sokusebenzisa{2}}ukusetshenziswa kukagesi, inani eliphakeme-izilinganiso ze-offset, kanye namaphrofayela omlando wokusetshenziswa kwamandla ngesikhathi sangempela, okubavumela ukuthi balungise imikhuba yabo yokusebenzisa ugesi ukuze behlise izindleko. Isibonelo, izakhamuzi zingasebenzisa imishini yokuwasha noma iziteshi zokushaja izimoto zikagesi phakathi-namahora aphakeme kakhulu ngokusekelwe{6}}ezintengo zesikhathi sangempela zikagesi. Izinkampani zingahlaziya idatha yokusetshenziswa kwamandla kusukela kumishini yokukhiqiza ukuze zithuthukise amashejuli omugqa wokukhiqiza ukuze kuncishiswe imithwalo ephezulu. Le sevisi esobala ayigcini nje ngokukhulisa ukusebenzelana kwabasebenzisi kodwa futhi yenza isisekelo sokusetshenziswa kwezinqubomgomo ezifunwayo{9}}zempendulo eseceleni (DSM).
Amagridi Ahlakaniphile kanye Nokuhlanganiswa Kwamandla Avuselelekayo
Ezingeni elikhulu, amamitha ahlakaniphile angamanodi abalulekile ekwakheni amagridi ahlakaniphile. Inani labo elikhulu ledatha yokusetshenziswa kukagesi lisiza opharetha begridi ukuhlonza ngokunembile izici zomthwalo wesifunda futhi bathuthukise ukuhlelwa kwenethiwekhi yokusabalalisa. Lapho izinsiza zamandla ezisabalalisiwe (njengama-photovoltaics kanye nezinhlelo zokugcina amandla) zixhunywe ngesilinganiso esikhulu, amamitha angakwazi ukuqapha ukuhamba kwamandla okuqondiswa kabili ngesikhathi sangempela ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukutholakala kwegridi kanye nebhalansi yokufuna. Ngaphezu kwalokho, esimweni sezulu esibi kakhulu noma ezimweni zephutha, umsebenzi wendawo oyiphutha wamamitha ahlakaniphile ungahlukanisa ngokushesha indawo engajwayelekile futhi unciphise ukucisha kukagesi. Izibalo zikhombisa ukuthi ngemuva kokukhipha amamitha ahlakaniphile, izinkampani zikagesi kwamanye amazwe zenyuse isivinini sokuphendula ngamaphutha ngaphezu kwama-30%.
Izinzuzo Zemvelo kanye-Nemihlomulo Yesikhathi Eside Yezomnotho
Ukukhuthazwa kwamamitha ahlakaniphile nakho kunezinzuzo ezibalulekile zemvelo nezomnotho. Ngokusebenzisa ukulinganisa okunembayo kanye nokuphathwa kahle kwamandla, ukusebenza kahle kukagesi kukonke kukhuphuka cishe ngo-5% -10%, kunciphisa ngokungaqondile ukusetshenziswa kwamandla ezinsalela kanye nokukhishwa kwekhabhoni. Ngokombono wezindleko zomjikelezo wokuphila, nakuba ukufakwa kokuqala kokufakwa kwamamitha ahlakaniphile kuphezulu, izimfuneko zawo zokulungisa eziphansi (enezingxenye eziwumshini ezimbalwa ezingaphezu kuka-90%) kanye nezindleko zokuhlola ezincishisiwe ngokuvamile zizikhokhela ngokwazo phakathi neminyaka engu-5-8 ngokonga izindleko zokusebenza.
Isiphetho
Izinzuzo zamamitha ahlakaniphile azikho nje kuphela ekucacisweni kwazo okuthuthukisiwe kobuchwepheshe kodwa futhi nasemandleni awo okubumba kabusha i-ecosystem yamandla-ukusuka ethuluzini lemitha elilodwa ukuya kuhabhu ehlakaniphile exhumanisa abasebenzisi, igridi yamandla, nezinhlelo zamandla avuselelekayo. Ngokuhlanganiswa kobuchwepheshe obufana ne-5G kanye ne-edge computing, amamitha kagesi esikhathi esizayo azothuthukela "ekuhlanganyeleni{3}}namafu," okuhlinzeka ngosekelo oluqine nakakhulu oluyisisekelo lokufinyelela imigomo yokungathathi hlangothi kwekhabhoni yomhlaba.