Njengethuluzi elibalulekile lemitha ohlelweni lwamandla, umsebenzi oyinhloko wemitha kagesi ukurekhoda ngokunembile idatha yokusetshenziswa kwamandla, ukuhlinzeka ngesisekelo esithembekile sokunikezwa kwamandla, ukusatshalaliswa, nokuphathwa komsebenzisi. Ngokuthuthuka kwezobuchwepheshe, amamitha kagesi wesimanje ashintshile asuka kumathuluzi alula okulinganisa aya kumatheminali ahlakaniphile ahlanganisa imisebenzi eminingi, edlala indima ebalulekile ekulawuleni amandla, ukwenziwa ngcono kwezinsizakalo zomsebenzisi wegridi. Lesi sihloko sizochaza ngokuhlelekile ukwakheka kokusebenza okuyisisekelo kwemitha kagesi emibonweni emithathu: imisebenzi eyisisekelo, ukuhlukaniswa kobuchwepheshe, nezinhlelo zokusebenza ezinwetshiwe.
Imisebenzi Eyisisekelo Yokulinganisa Yemitha Kagesi
Umsebenzi obaluleke kakhulu wemitha kagesi ukulinganisa amandla. Lokhu kuhlanganisa ukulinganisa isamba senani likagesi osetshenziswa umsebenzisi esikhathini esithile ngokusebenzisa izinto ezibonakalayo noma ze-elekthronikhi kanye nokukhipha inani ngama-kilowatt-amahora (kWh). Le nqubo incike ekungenisweni kukamagnetic (kumamitha emishini yendabuko) noma amasampula edijithali (amamitha kagesi), ukuqoqa nokubala amasignali kagesi kanye namasignali amanje ngesikhathi sangempela ukuze kukhiqizwe idatha enembile yokusetshenziswa kukagesi. Imisebenzi yokulinganisa eyisisekelo iphinde ihlanganise umehluko wokugeleza oya phambili/okuhlehlayo (ukubona ukuthi ingabe abasebenzisi bakhiqiza owabo ugesi futhi bawuxhume kugridi noma bawufunze futhi), ukulinganisa{4}}okuningi (okufana nokuphakama/isigodi nesikhathi-sokusebenzisa{6}ukukhokha), kanye nesilinganiso sesidingo (kubala ubukhulu besidingo samandla ngesikhathi esithile). Le misebenzi ngokuhlangene yakha amakhono ayisisekelo emitha kagesi "njengesiphathi samandla."
Izinhlobo Zobuchwepheshe Nomehluko Osebenzayo Wamamitha Kagesi
Ngokusekelwe ezimisweni zabo zobuchwepheshe kanye nezimo zokusetshenziswa, amamitha kagesi angahlukaniswa ngezigaba ezintathu: amamitha wemishini, amamitha kagesi, namamitha ahlakaniphile, kanti ubunkimbinkimbi bawo bokusebenza bukhula kancane kancane. Amamitha omshini akala ukusetshenziswa kukagesi ngokusekelwe kusivinini sokuzungezisa kwediski le-aluminium. Lawa mamitha ahlinzeka ngemisebenzi ye-metering eyisisekelo kuphela futhi adinga ukufunda mathupha. Amamitha e-elekthronikhi asebenzisa amasekhethi ahlanganisiwe ukuze kucutshungulwe amasignali. Ngaphandle kokulinganisa okunembayo, aphinde asekele ukugcinwa kwedatha, ukuxhumana okukude (njengokuxhumana kwe-infrared), kanye nokuxilongwa okulula kwamaphutha. Amamitha ahlakaniphile, okwamanje okuyisici sefomu elijwayelekile, athuthukisa ama-microprocessors kanye nobuchwepheshe be-IoT. Azuza njengefa yonke imisebenzi yamamitha kagesi futhi aphinde anike amandla-ukuxhumana kwezindlela ezimbili (-ukushintshana kwedatha yesikhathi sangempela negridi yamandla noma amatheminali omsebenzisi), isilawuli kude (njengokukhipha ugesi/ukubuyisela imiyalo), ukugawulwa kwemicimbi (ukulandelela izimo ezingavamile njengokunqamuka kukagesi nokugcwala ngokweqile), nokuhlaziywa komthwalo (ukubona imikhuba yokusebenzisa umsebenzisi nokunikeza izincomo zokonga{8}).
Imisebenzi Enwetshiwe kanye Nenani Lokusebenza Lamamitha Kagesi
Ngale kokulinganisa okuyisisekelo, imisebenzi enwetshiwe yamamitha kagesi esimanje ithuthukise kakhulu ubuhlakani bezinhlelo zamandla. Isibonelo, umsebenzi wokuphatha umthwalo uqapha ukulayishwa kukagesi wabasebenzisi ngesikhathi sangempela futhi ulungise ngokuguqukayo izinto ezibalulekile zikagesi ngokuhambisana namasu okuthumela igridi ukuze kugwenywe izingozi zokugcwala ngokweqile. Ukwesekwa kokufinyelela kwamandla asabalalisiwe kuvumela amamitha ukuthi alinganise ngokunembile amandla akhiqizwa umsebenzisi-isistimu eyakhelwe i-photovoltaic nesitoreji samandla kanye nenani likagesi oxhunywe kugridi, okukhuthaza ukusetshenziswa kwamandla ahlanzekile. Izici zokusebenzisana nabasebenzisi, ngohlelo lokusebenza olusekelayo noma isibonisi, zinikeza abasebenzisi{4}}ukusetshenziswa kukagesi kwesikhathi sangempela esinembile, inkokhiso yomlando, nezinhlelo{5}}zokonga amandla, okuthuthukisa ukubonakala kwamandla. Ngaphezu kwalokho, amanani amakhulu edatha eqoqwe ngamamitha angahlaziywa ukuze kusekelwe ukuhlelwa kwegridi (njengokubikezela inani eliphakeme kakhulu likagesi lesifunda), ukwakhiwa kwenqubomgomo (njengokuthuthukisa isikhathi{7}so{8}}sokusebenzisa{8}izintengo zikagesi), kanye nesexwayiso samaphutha (njengokukhomba ukwebiwa kukagesi ngokusebenzisa amaphethini okusebenzisa ugesi angajwayelekile). Inani layo lidlula ukulinganisa okulula futhi seliphenduke indawo ebalulekile ekuguquleni amandla edijithali.
Isiphetho
Kusukela ekulinganiseni okuyisisekelo kuya ekusebenzelaneni okuhlakaniphile, ukuvela kokusebenza kwemitha kuye kwazungeza njalo emigomeni eyinhloko "yokunemba, ukwethembeka, nokusebenza kahle." Kungakhathaliseki ukuthi ubulula nokusebenza kwamamitha emishini yendabuko noma{1}}amakhono amaningi anobukhulu bamamitha ahlakaniphile, ingqikithi yawo ukwakha ibhuloho ledatha elithembekile phakathi kwesistimu yamandla nabasebenzisi. Ngokuthuthukiswa{3}okujulile kwe-inthanethi yamandla, amamitha kagesi azohlanganisa ubuchwepheshe obusha njengobuhlakani bokwenziwa kanye ne-blockchain, futhi aqhubeke nokwandisa imingcele yawo yohlelo lokusebenza ezindaweni ezifana nokusabela kwesidingo kanye nokulandela umkhondo we-carbon footprint, okuhlinzeka ngokusekela okuqinile kokuthuthukiswa kwamandla okusimeme emhlabeni jikelele.