Njengesisetshenziswa esiyinhloko sokulinganisa ukusetshenziswa kwamandla ezinhlelweni zamandla, amamitha kagesi ahlukaniswa ngezindlela ezihlukahlukene, abonisa kokubili ukuvela kobuchwepheshe kanye nokuzivumelanisa nezidingo zezimo zokusetshenziswa ezihlukahlukene. Ukusuka komshini ukuya kohlakaniphileyo, izindinganiso zokuhlukaniswa kwamamitha kagesi ahlanganisa izilinganiso eziningi, okuhlanganisa isimiso sokusebenza, injongo, indlela yokufaka, namandla okudlulisa idatha. Okulandelayo kwethula ngokuhlelekile izinhlobo eziyinhloko zamamitha kagesi nezici zazo.
Ukuhlukaniswa ngeSimiso Sokusebenza
1. I-Mechanical Meter (I-Induction Meter)
Amamitha kagesi angamathuluzi okuqala okulinganisa ugesi, asebenza ngomgomo wokungeniswa kwe-electromagnetic. Inkambu kazibuthe ekhiqizwa amakhoyili amanje kanye nawe-voltage ishayela idiski ye-aluminum ukuze ijikeleze, nesivinini sokuzungeza esihambisana nokusetshenziswa kwamandla. Lesi sivinini esijikelezayo ekugcineni sishayelwa isitimela segiya ukuze sibonise ukudayela kwedijithali. Nakuba lolu hlobo lwemitha lulula futhi lubiza{3}}phansi, luhlushwa ukunemba okuphansi kanye nokungakwazi ukudlulisa idatha ukude. Ngenxa yalokho, kancane kancane ishintshwa ngamamitha kagesi.
2. Electronic Meter
Amamitha kagesi asebenzisa amasekhethi kagesi (njenge-analog-kuya{1}}kuma-digital converters nama-microprocessors) ukuze abale ngokuqondile ukusetshenziswa kwamandla futhi abonise idatha kusibonisi sedijithali. Uma kuqhathaniswa namamitha emishini, anokunemba okuphezulu (kufika ku-0.2S ezingeni), amandla aqinile okumelana-nokuphazamisa, nesikhathi sokusekela-sokusebenzisa{6}}ukukhokhisa neminye imisebenzi. Njengamanje ziwuhlobo olujwayelekile lwamamitha asekhaya nawemboni.
3. Amamitha ahlakaniphile
Amamitha ahlakaniphile ayizinguqulo ezithuthukisiwe zamamitha kagesi. Ahlanganisa amamojula okuxhumana (afana ne-LoRa, i-NB-IoT noma izinkampani zezintambo zikagesi) ukuze kuzuzwe ukufundwa kwamamitha okuzenzakalelayo okukude,{2}}ukuqapha kwesikhathi sangempela kanye{3}}nokuxhumana{3}}ngezindlela ezimbili. Abasebenzisi bangabuka idatha yokusetshenziswa kukagesi ngezinhlelo zokusebenza zeselula, futhi izinkampani zegridi yamandla zingaphinda zilungise amasu okuphakelwa kwamandla. Ziyizingxenye ezibalulekile zamagridi ahlakaniphile.
Ukuhlukaniswa ngokusetshenziswa
1. -amamitha wesigaba esisodwa
Isetshenziselwa{0}}isigaba esisodwa sokukala amandla e-AC ezindlini noma ezindaweni ezincane zentengiso. Okuvame ukusetshenziswa ezindaweni zamandla kagesi angu-220V, ububanzi bokulinganisa ngokuvamile bungu-5 (60) A noma 10 (40) A, buhlangabezana nezidingo zomthwalo wokukhanya okuvamile, izinto zikagesi zasendlini, njll.
2.-amamitha ezigaba ezintathu
Idizayinelwe abasebenzisi bezimboni noma abakhulu bezentengiselwano, bafanele i-380V{1}}amasistimu wamandla ezigaba ezintathu, ahlukaniswe yaba izinhlobo ezimbili:{2}}isigaba sesithathu-intambo (ayikho intambo emaphakathi) kanye{4}}nezintambo ezintathu-ezinezigaba ezine (ezinezintambo ezimaphakathi). {7}Amamodeli anemba aphezulu angakala ukusetshenziswa kwamandla{8}kwamamotho aphezulu, ama-transformer, nezinye izisetshenziswa, futhi amanye amamodeli asekela ukuhlaziya okuvumelanayo.
3. Prepaid Meters
Ukuhlanganisa ubuchwepheshe be-elekthronikhi namakhadi e-IC noma amasistimu okukhokha akude, abasebenzisi kufanele bagcwalise ama-akhawunti abo ngaphambi kokusebenzisa ugesi. Ukuvalwa kwamandla okuzenzakalelayo{1}}uma ibhalansi inganele kwenza le mitha ifanelekele ukuphathwa kwezakhiwo ezimaphakathi noma izimo zokuqashwa, kugwema ngempumelelo ingcuphe yezikweletu ezingakhokhiwe.
Ukuhlelwa Ngendlela Yokufaka
1. Okuqondile{1}}Xhuma Imitha
Ulayini wamanje uxhumeke ngokuqondile emthwalweni, ulungele izinhlelo zokusebenza zamanje eziphansi (ngokuvamile Ngaphansi noma ilingana no-100A). Lesi sakhiwo esilula sidinga i-transformer yamanje yamagagasi aphezulu.
2. I-Transformer-Xhuma Imitha
Ixhunywe kumasekhethi-amandla kagesi aphezulu-aphezulu-amanje (njengama-substations) ngama- current transformer (CTs) nama-voltage transformer (PTs). Imitha icubungula{3}amasiginali wamandla aphansi kuphela, iqinisekisa ukuphepha kanye nebanga lokulinganisa elinwebekayo.
Ukuhlelwa Ngendlela Yokudluliswa Kwedatha
1. Imitha Yendawo
Iyantula ukusebenza kokuxhumana futhi idinga{0}}ukufundwa kwamamitha esayithi. Le ndlela ayisebenzi kahle kodwa iyabiza{2}}, futhi ivamise ukutholakala emiphakathini emidala.
2. Amamitha kagesi okuxhumana kude
Ukudlulisa idatha ngaphandle kwentambo (GPRS/4G/5G), enezintambo (RS-485), noma ngenkampani yenethiwekhi yamandla kagesi (PLC) kusekela ukuzenzela kwegridi nokuphathwa, kwakha isisekelo samagridi ahlakaniphile.
Isiphetho
Ukuhlukaniswa kwamamitha kagesi kubonisa umthelela omkhulu wentuthuko yezobuchwepheshe ekuphathweni kwamandla. Ukusuka kumagiya emishini kuya kwezokuxhumana kwe-IoT, amamitha kagesi awenzi nje kuphela imisebenzi yokukala amamitha kodwa futhi aba izindawo ezibalulekile kumagridi ahlakaniphile, izinsiza zamandla asabalalisiwe, nokungathathi hlangothi kwekhabhoni. Ngokuzayo, ngokwamukelwa okubanzi kwendawo yokugcina amandla e-photovoltaic kanye nezimoto zikagesi, amamitha kagesi azothuthukela{2}}ekuhlanganiseni kwamandla amaningi kanye ne-edge computing, okuhlinzeka ngokusekela ukuguqulwa kwamandla edijithali emhlabeni wonke.